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Write an essay on”The Rule Opposition in a Democracy” in not more than 500 words.

Created: 1 year ago | Updated: 11 months ago

Rule of Opposition in a Democracy

Existence of opposition both as alternative government and as critic of the party in power is a significant feature of democratic system. Opposition assumes an important role in parliamentary democracy along with its formal functions inside the legislature to constantly monitor the treasury. After independence, Bangladesh had a short lived Westminster type parliamentary framework by authoritarianism and army rule for years. During the period, though constrained by various restrictions, opposition activities including participating in major elections and legislatures as as organizing movements influenced Bangladesh politics. In the First Parliament, there was a meager opposition representation with no official recognition. The number of opposition parliamentarians increased considerably in the Second and Third Legislatures with their formal status in the House. They, however, had an ineffective parliamentary role in the midst of lopsided executive legislature relationship under quasi-democratic and autocratic rules. Hence they to agitational politics and anti-government movements outside. The 1991 election brought a strong opposition in the parliament culminating to a nascent two- party system under the reintroduced parliamentary set up. But lack of legislative compromise, persistence of mutual intolerance and the like prompted the competing parties to play unconstitutional roles creating political crises and confusion. Opposition's prolonged agitational movement for neutral caretaker government and its constitutional basis ultimately paved the way for restoring democratic process in the country. In a democracy, opposition parties perform several important functions. These include:

1. Interest aggregation: Political parties are important organs for aggregating the interests of the political community. Interest aggregation often culminates in the articulation/ projection of certain preferences, values ideologies into the policy and lawmaking process (eg in Parliament) and in the budgeting process.

 2. Promoting responsible and reasoned debate: This promotes "national conversation" and pushes to a higher level of development and maturity

3. Maintaining touch with the voter-citizen and demonstrating the relevance of politics to ordinary people, that is, the oppressed, the marginalized, the disenfranchised. 

4. Opposition parties hold the government to account for its commissions or omissions (eg. Tony Blair's Labour Party was re-elected with less support). 

5. Parties present a viable alternative to the incumbent government by designing alternative ideas, and policies for governing society. Should the party in power let the voters down, the "moment in waiting" takes over the reign of power- through free and fair elections.

6. Parties act as a training ground for future leaders, Shadow cabinet ministers, for
example typically conduct serious party business in their designated portfolios.

 7. Parties strengthen the culture of democracy within the party and the political community general for  (by, example, promoting open debate during delegates' conferences, intra-party democratic elections and ensuring accountable use of party finances).

8. Parties work with the Electoral Commission, the mass media and civil society organizations monitor and improve the quality of voter registration, civic education and elect transparency. 

9. Finally, opposition parties are the unpaid but dedicated principal researchers for the governme in power. In the rush to the "middle ground" that has characterized political party uynan after the Cold War; incumbent regimes have typically plagiarized the manifestos of oppositio partics and adopted their researched ideas, policies and programs without acknowledgeme Thereafter, incumbent parties (such as the NRM in Uganda) have typically accused opposition of having "no political agenda different from ours.

9 months ago

English

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Press freedom takes influential place in a country. It represent citizen’s freedom of speech. Media can expose news without obstructer or any controls by government and organizations. There should not be control over the press. As press freedom is necessary for the preventability of corruption, development of economy and maintenance of democracy. One of the advantages of press freedom is it can help to control on the level of corruption. A country which has higher press freedom tends to lower corruption in government or some private’s agents (Brunetti & Weder, 2003). Sometimes countries might think press free threats the stable of political and it might easy be controlled by different organizations. However, again the most persuasive idea come.

1 year ago

“Health for all” implies the removal of the obstacles to health that is to say, the elimination of malnutrition, ignorance, contaminated drinking-water, and unhygienic housing quite as much as it does the solution of purely medical problems such as a lack of doctors, hospital beds, drugs and vaccines. Health for All in Bangladesh contains the most comprehensive information available about primary health care services in Bangladesh, including activities in maternal and child health care, Family planning, reproductive health care, nutrition, quality of care, and health care financing.

7 months ago

Cluster Villages

 

A majority of the Bangladesh population are farmers who are settled in villages. They toil to make both ends meet and produce crops for the entire nation. Bangladesh has about 68,000 villages, which are scattered throughout the country.  A village is called the rural part of the country. It is called rural because it does not have modern facilities like cities. The main occupation of the villagers is farming. They are the primary source of the nation's agricultural production.

 

Description of Villages

Villages have either tiny hamlets of thatched huts or large settlements of tiled roofs, stones, and brick homes. An impression has been created by artists and filmmakers that an Indian village is a simple cluster of mud-plastered walls, shaded by trees, overlooking the large expanses of green fields with a few people moving slowly and of course, bullock carts. They portray a village woman with a pot on her head and walking gracefully, her skirt swaying gently. The reality is that a village is the hub of nonstop activity, with their stronger work ethics. Agriculture is tough and requires hard work. The villagers work very hard and are always trying to find innovative methods of growing wheat, rice, and lentils. 

 

Importance of Village

The village is important because it is the primary sector of agricultural production for our country. The village is the backbone of Bangladesh economy. It also plays a major role in maintaining the ecological balance of the environment. Villages are mostly covered with trees and plants. They are covered with green grasslands. One can see acres of green fields as far as the eyes could see. They provide shelter to many animals. 

Life in Village

The village life is full of contentment and happiness, as people are not in a hurry like in city life. Village people live a very simple life. Villages are mostly situated far from the hustle and bustle of urban civilization. The beauty of nature can be experienced in a village as it is surrounded by trees, flowers, mountains, streams, and farmlands. There is no pollution in the village and one can feel the freshness in the breeze. The demands of the villagers are not too high but they are still deprived of basic facilities. Clean drinking water, electricity, health center, schools, proper sanitation are a few facilities that are lacking in the villages. Their poverty is always visible in the atmosphere. 

Conclusion

My village is a small abode for happy people.  Here they live in harmony and peace. The village people are very hardworking and thus they must have a good source of upliftment. Like the village’s schools and clinics should be maintained and increased in number. The farmers should be facilitated by helping them to leverage their sales, make them notified about the modern techniques used in farming, and give them compensation and knowledge of the true market price of their crops. Thus, I would request governmental authorities to come forward and uplift the medical, educational, and farming facilities in the village.

7 months ago

Problems of urban living in Bangladesh

Cities in Bangladesh are faced with the challenges of rapid population increase characterized by crises such as lack of economic dynamism, governance failure, severe infrastructure and service deficiencies, inadequate land administration, massive slums and social breakdown. However, urban centers continue to grow, despite the severity of these obstacles. As a result, urban areas in Bangladesh have exceptionally high population density, but relatively low economic density. High population density, combined with rapid urbanization, implies a large and fast-growing urban population to manage. Dhaka city, the largest urban conurbation in Bangladesh, is one of the most densely populated urban areas in the world. However, the economic density of Bangladesh’s urban areas (GDP or value-added per square km) is relatively low from an international perspective. Economic activity is concentrated in Dhaka and Chittagong. About 9% of the Bangladesh population lives in the Dhaka metropolitan area, which contributes to 36% of the country’s GDP. An additional 11% of the Bangladesh GDP is generated by Chittagong, the second-largest city and home to 3% of the population. The economic gap between Dhaka and Chittagong compared to other medium  and small-size cities is large and widening.

 

Bangladesh needs to build an urban space that is capable of innovating, is better connected and more livable in order to make cities competitive. Bangladesh’s urban space is falling behind in all three of these drivers of competitiveness. The Dhaka metro area needs to evolve into a diversified economy with skilled human resources and an innovation capacity fueled by the cross-fertilization of ideas typical of large metropolitan areas. Dhaka metro area also needs to be better connected internally and with its peri-urban areas, and both Dhaka and Chittagong have to strengthen their connection to the global economy. Improved connectivity within Bangladesh’s system of cities is also important for productivity and export competitiveness. The development of an economically dynamic urban space, in particular in the Dhaka metro region, has occurred at the expense of livability. The livability of the urban space will become an even more binding constraint to sustained growth as Bangladesh transitions to a new business model based on higher-value industries and services, which need a highly skilled and internationally mobile workforce. This  is a tall order for Bangladesh, but planning needs to start today for Bangladesh’s cities to become more competitive in future.

 

Urbanization have crucial role to play in the economic development of Bangladesh. The circumstances under which population in Dhaka and Chittagong are growing without proportionate infrastructural development will begin to wipe out most of the gains associated with urbanization. That is, relative high levels of urbanization may not be sufficient to ensure higher levels of economic welfare in Bangladesh. This has happened in Latin America with levels of urbanization, above 80%, yet with real per capita incomes about a third that of developed nations. It could happen in Bangladesh as well unless the urban managers rise from their prolonged slumber.

8 months ago

My school days

School is said to be a temple of knowledge, the very first place that introduced you to the world and more so your own self. My school life is all about the memories I deeply cherish. The memories of not only the fun, friendship and all the sport and extracurricular but also the way it helped me find my interests. I owe it all to my school life. It has made me who I am today.

My school life has been full of different experiences over the years. It gave various opportunities to develop not only my scholastic abilities but also the art and sport side. It supported me in my sports as well as exposed me to numerous types of people. All of this accounted to make me understand how to behave socially and in building a personality which I have today.

There are numerous things that make school life the best phase in one’s life. All of this eventually is because we are young to do mistakes again and again till we realize, dumb enough to not think about people and do what we feel like doing, curious to know everything we can and most importantly still not exposed and contaminated with the evil feelings of this world. And all of this makes us build a personality of our own.

8 months ago